Habenaria gonatosiphon Summerh.

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Photo: Nicholas Wightman
Kalonde, Mpika Distr., Muchinga Province

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Synonyms:
Common names:
Frequency:
Status:	Doubtful
Description:	Terrestrial herb 25-75 cm tall growing from ovoid to ellipsoid tubers c. 3.5 x 1.5 cm; stems leafy; leaves 5-10 with lowermost 1-2 sheath-like, the mid-stem leaves semi-erect with largest c. 3.5-11 x 1.5-3.5 cm, ovate or lanceolate, uppermost leaves grading into bracts; inflorescence 3-14 x 5-8 cm, laxly to densely 2-10 flowered; bracts up to 3.5 cm long; flowers white or cream, sometimes tinged with green; pedicel and ovary 4-6 cm long; dorsal sepal erect, 9.5-12 x 6-7 mm, elliptic, convex; lateral sepals deflexed but spreading, 10-15 x 6-8.5 mm, obliquely ovate and not usually rolled lengthwise; petals 2-lobed approx. to base; upper lobe erect, 8.5-11 x 1-2 mm, linear and adnate to dorsal sepal; lower petal lobes 13-22 x 1.5-2 mm, curving upwards and outwards; lip-3-lobed with an undivided basal part c. 2 mm long; mid-lobe 12-18 x 1-3 mm, ligulate; side lobes diverging, 10-15 x 2-3 mm, narrowly lanceolate and acute; spur 4.5-6.5 cm long, projecting forwards at base for about 1 cm then geniculately recurved, slender but swollen near apex.
Notes:	This species is mentioned in the Preliminary Checklist of Vascular plants of Mozambique (SABONET report 30, 2009). It is however absent from both Flora Zambesiaca (La Croix & Cribb, 1995) and the Provisional Checklist of Orchidaceae of Mozambique (Schelpe, 1973).
Derivation of specific name:
Habitat:
Altitude range:
Flowering time:	Jan - Feb
Worldwide distribution:	DRC, Tanzania and Zambia
Mozambique distribution:	N
Growth form(s):	Terrestrial.
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Literature:	Burrows, J.E. & Willis, C.K. (eds) (2005). Plants of the Nyika Plateau Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 31 SABONET, Pretoria Page 325. Da Silva, M.C., Izidine, S. & Amude, A.B. (2004). A preliminary checklist of the vascular plants of Mozambique. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 30 Sabonet, Pretoria Page 129. La Croix, I. & Cribb, P.J. (1995). Orchidaceae (Part 1) Flora Zambesiaca 11(1) Pages 119 - 120. (Includes a picture). La Croix, I. et al. (1991). Orchids of Malawi A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam Page 83. (Includes a picture). Moriarty, A. (1975). Wild Flowers of Malawi Purnell & sons Cape Town. Pages 51 - 52. (Includes a picture). Phiri, P.S.M. (2005). A Checklist of Zambian Vascular Plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 32 Page 121. Summerhayes, V.S. (1960). African orchids XXVII Kew Bulletin 14(1) Pages 134 - 135. Protologue Williamson, G. (1977). The Orchids of South Central Africa J.M. Dent & Sons Ltd., London. Pages 57 - 58. (Includes a picture).

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Flora of Burundi: Habenaria gonatosiphon
Flora of Malawi: Habenaria gonatosiphon
Flora of Zambia: Habenaria gonatosiphon

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Habenaria gonatosiphon
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Habenaria gonatosiphon
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Habenaria gonatosiphon
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Habenaria gonatosiphon
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iNaturalist: Habenaria gonatosiphon
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Habenaria gonatosiphon
JSTOR Plant Science: Habenaria gonatosiphon
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Habenaria gonatosiphon
Plants of the World Online: Habenaria gonatosiphon
Tropicos: Habenaria gonatosiphon
Wikipedia: Habenaria gonatosiphon