Otiophora scabra Zucc.
subsp. scabra

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Photo: Bart Wursten
Northern slopes below Mt Dombe, Chimanimani Mts

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Synonyms:	Pentanisia spicata S. Moore
Common names:
Frequency:
Status:	Native
Description:	Much-branched annual, rarely perennial, herb or straggling subshrub, usually less than 1 m tall. Leaves opposite, sometimes appearing whorled, 15-90 mm long, ovate to lanceolate, hairless to densely hairy, particularly above. Flowers in spike-like inflorescences, elongating up to 25 cm when in fruit. Corolla lilac, mauve, blue, reddish or white, c. 6 mm in diameter.
Notes:
Derivation of specific name:	scabra: scabrid or rough to the touch.
Habitat:	In grassland, scrub and woodland, often in rocky places or in disturbed ground.
Altitude range:
Flowering time:
Worldwide distribution:	Angola, Burundi, DRC, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Madagascar.
Mozambique distribution:	N,T,MS
Growth form(s):
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Content last updated:	Sunday 1 June 2014
Literature:	Burrows, J.E. & Willis, C.K. (eds) (2005). Plants of the Nyika Plateau Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 31 SABONET, Pretoria Page 245. (Includes a picture). Chapano, C. & Mamuto, M. (2003). Plants of the Chimanimani District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 41. As Otiophora scabra Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 73. Phiri, P.S.M. (2005). A Checklist of Zambian Vascular Plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 32 Page 90. Strugnell, A.M. (2006). A Checklist of the Spermatophytes of Mount Mulanje, Malawi Scripta Botanica Belgica 34 National Botanic Garden of Belgium Page 165. Verdcourt, B. (1988). Rubiaceae, Part 1 Flora Zambesiaca 5(1) Pages 143 - 145. (Includes a picture). Wursten, B., Timberlake, J. & Darbyshire, I. (2017). The Chimanimani Mountains: an updated checklist. Kirkia 19(1) Page 98.

Other sources of information about Otiophora scabra subsp. scabra:

Our websites:

Flora of Malawi: Otiophora scabra subsp. scabra
Flora of Zambia: Otiophora scabra subsp. scabra
Flora of Zimbabwe: Otiophora scabra subsp. scabra

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Otiophora scabra
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Otiophora scabra
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Otiophora scabra
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Otiophora scabra
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Otiophora scabra
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Otiophora scabra
JSTOR Plant Science: Otiophora scabra
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Otiophora scabra
Plants of the World Online: Otiophora scabra
Tropicos: Otiophora scabra
Wikipedia: Otiophora scabra