Cycnium tubulosum (L.f.) Engl.

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Photo: Bart Wursten
At new bridge along road from entrance gate to Chitengo, Gorongosa National Park

Photo: Bart Wursten
Plateau above Zamambo Gorge, Gorongosa National Park, Cheringoma

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Synonyms:	Rhamphicarpa tubulosa (L.f.) Benth.
Common names:	Vlei ink-flower (English)
Frequency:
Status:	Native
Description:	Erect, decumbent or straggling perennial herb. Flowers white, pink or mauve. The white form is somewhat similar to C. adonense, but may be distinguished by its much smaller, narrower leaves, less compact habit and smaller flowers. Like C. adonense it is a partial root-parasite, particularly of grasses.
Notes:
Derivation of specific name:	tubulosum: tubular, referring to the long slender corolla tube in the flowers of this species.
Habitat:	In damp grassland, along vleis, marshes and river banks. It may occasionally grow in water.
Altitude range:	Up to 1550 m
Flowering time:	(Sep-) Oct - Feb
Worldwide distribution:	Widespread in Africa and in Madagascar
Mozambique distribution:	Z,T,MS,GI
Growth form(s):
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Content last updated:	Tuesday 22 May 2012
Literature:	Bandeira, S., Bolnick, D. & Barbosa, F. (2007). Wild Flowers of Southern Mozambique Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique Page 184. As Cycnium tubulosum tubulosum (Includes a picture). Chapano, C. & Mugarisanwa, N.H. (2003). Plants of the Matobo District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 12. Heath, A. & Heath, R. (2009). Field Guide to the Plants of Northern Botswana including the Okavango Delta Kew Publishing Page 192. (Includes a picture). Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 77. Under Scrophulariaceae Philcox, D. (1990). Scrophulariaceae Flora Zambesiaca 8(2) Pages 138 - 140. (Includes a picture). Pickering, H. & Roe, E. (2009). Wild Flowers of the Victoria Falls Area Helen Pickering, London Page 106. (Includes a picture). Plowes, D.C.H. & Drummond, R.B. (1990). Wild Flowers of Zimbabwe. Revised edition. Longman, Zimbabwe. No. 112, plate 150 Setshogo, M.P. (2005). Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana. Sabonet Report no. 37. Sabonet, Pretoria and Gaborone Page 103. Timberlake, J.R. & Childes, S.L. (2004). Biodiversity of the Four Corners Area: Technical Reviews Volume Two (Chapter 5-15) Appendix 5-1: Plant Checklist Occasional Publications in Biodiversity 15 Page 225.

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Flora of Botswana: Cycnium tubulosum
Flora of Burundi: Cycnium tubulosum
Flora of Caprivi: Cycnium tubulosum
Flora of Malawi: Cycnium tubulosum
Flora of Zambia: Cycnium tubulosum
Flora of Zimbabwe: Cycnium tubulosum

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Cycnium tubulosum
African Plant Database: Cycnium tubulosum
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Cycnium tubulosum
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Cycnium tubulosum
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Cycnium tubulosum
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Cycnium tubulosum
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Cycnium tubulosum
JSTOR Plant Science: Cycnium tubulosum
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Cycnium tubulosum
Plants of the World Online: Cycnium tubulosum
Tropicos: Cycnium tubulosum
Wikipedia: Cycnium tubulosum