Xysmalobium heudelotianum Decne.

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Dulverton Field, Glen Lorne

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Synonyms:	Gomphocarpus rubioides Kotschy & Peyr. Schizoglossum heudelotianum (Decne.) Roberty Schizoglossum truncatulum K. Schum. Xysmalobium reticulatum N.E. Br. Xysmalobium schumannianum S. Moore
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Description:	More or less erect perennial herb, up to 60 cm high, growing from an erect carrot-shaped tuber 3–5 cm long. Leaves erect or spreading, ovate to oblong- or linear-lanceolate, rarely linear or obovate, usually 4–8 cm long rarely longer, usually truncate or slightly cordate at the base, mostly hairless except sometimes pubescent on the marginal vein or scattered reddish hairs beneath; margin smooth or wavy; petiole 1-5 mm long. Inflorescences extra-axillary, sessile or very rarely pedunculate 4–10-flowered umbels, all apparently on one side of the stem. Pedicels 4–18 mm long, pubescent. Calyx lobes slightly reflexed, triangular, ± 3 mm long, pubescent. Corolla cream or white to reddish brown, lobed almost to the base, reflexed; lobes ovate, 4–7 mm long, hairless or with scattered reddish hairs in the upper half. Corona lobes green or brownish, on short spreading stalks arising near the base of the column, subglobose, 1–2 mm diameter. Follicles erect, narrowly fusiform, 11–19 cm long, 1 cm wide.
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Derivation of specific name:	heudelotianum: after Jean P. Heudelot (1802-1837), French botanist and plant collector in tropical Africa, particularly in Senegal and Gambia.
Habitat:	In grassland or mixed deciduous woodland.
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Worldwide distribution:	Widespread in tropical Africa as far South as Mozambique and Zimbabwe.
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Literature:	Chapano, C. & Mamuto, M. (2003). Plants of the Chimanimani District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 59. As Xysmalobium membraniferum Goyder, D.J., Gilbert, M.G. & Venter, H.J.T. (2020). Apocynaceae (Part 2) Flora Zambesiaca 7(2) Pages 318 - 320. (Includes a picture). Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 22.

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Flora of Burundi: Xysmalobium heudelotianum
Flora of Malawi: Xysmalobium heudelotianum
Flora of Zambia: Xysmalobium heudelotianum
Flora of Zimbabwe: Xysmalobium heudelotianum

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Xysmalobium heudelotianum
African Plant Database: Xysmalobium heudelotianum
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Xysmalobium heudelotianum
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Xysmalobium heudelotianum
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Xysmalobium heudelotianum
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iNaturalist: Xysmalobium heudelotianum
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Xysmalobium heudelotianum
JSTOR Plant Science: Xysmalobium heudelotianum
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Xysmalobium heudelotianum
Plants of the World Online: Xysmalobium heudelotianum
Tropicos: Xysmalobium heudelotianum
Wikipedia: Xysmalobium heudelotianum