Triumfetta pentandra A. Rich.

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Photo: Bart Wursten
Bunga Ranger Camp, northwestern Gorongosa National Park.

Photo: Bart Wursten
Lion House, Gorongosa National Park

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Synonyms:	Triumfetta trichocarpa sensu Eyles
Common names:
Frequency:
Status:	Native
Description:	Branched annual herb, usually not more than a meter high. Leaves more or less broadly ovate in outline, more or less deeply 3-lobed, 3-7-veined from the base, mostly hairless to stellately pubescent; petiole up to 5 cm long; margin irregularly serrate. Flowers in clusters, yellow with purple-brown-tipped sepals slightly longer than petals; stamens usually 5. Fruit ovoid, c. 5 mm in diameter, covered in spiny bristles, mostly hairless except for a line of ciliate hairs on the bristles below the curved apical tip.
Notes:	This species is generally similar to Triumfetta rhomboidea but can be distinguished by being less densely hairy; having thinner, often more deeply 3-lobed leaves; bearing flowers with usually only 5 stamens and having ovoid iso round fruit, which are mostly hairless except for ciliate hairs on one side of the spiny bristles below the apical point.
Derivation of specific name:	pentandra: with 5 stamens
Habitat:	A plant of disturbed ground and waste places.
Altitude range:
Flowering time:
Worldwide distribution:	Widespread in tropical Africa, South Africa, India and Taiwan.
Mozambique distribution:	N,Z,T,MS,GI,M
Growth form(s):
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Content last updated:	Thursday 30 June 2016
Literature:	Burrows, J.E. & Willis, C.K. (eds) (2005). Plants of the Nyika Plateau Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 31 SABONET, Pretoria Page 279. Heath, A. & Heath, R. (2009). Field Guide to the Plants of Northern Botswana including the Okavango Delta Kew Publishing Page 317. (Includes a picture). Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 81. Setshogo, M.P. (2005). Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana. Sabonet Report no. 37. Sabonet, Pretoria and Gaborone Page 109. Siebert, S. & Mössmer, M. (Editors) (2002). SABONET Southern Mozambique Expedition 2001; Provisional Plant Checklist of the Maputo Elephant Reserve (MER) and Licuati Forest Reserve (LFR) SABONET News 7(1) Page 29. Wild, H. (1963). Tiliaceae Flora Zambesiaca 2(1) Pages 74 - 75.

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Flora of Botswana: Triumfetta pentandra
Flora of Burundi: Triumfetta pentandra
Flora of Malawi: Triumfetta pentandra
Flora of Zambia: Triumfetta pentandra
Flora of Zimbabwe: Triumfetta pentandra

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Triumfetta pentandra
African Plant Database: Triumfetta pentandra
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Triumfetta pentandra
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Triumfetta pentandra
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Triumfetta pentandra
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iNaturalist: Triumfetta pentandra
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Triumfetta pentandra
JSTOR Plant Science: Triumfetta pentandra
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Triumfetta pentandra
Plants of the World Online: Triumfetta pentandra
Tropicos: Triumfetta pentandra
Wikipedia: Triumfetta pentandra