Lindsaea odorata Roxb.

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Photo: Bart Wursten
At waterfall in Muvumodzi River close to junction with Mucandue River, eastern Chimanimani Mts.

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Synonyms:	Lindsaea cultrata sensu Cordem. Lindsaea cultrata auct., non (Willd.) Sw.
Common names:
Frequency:	Rare
Status:	Native
Description:	Rhizome creeping, thin, 1-2 mm in diameter; rhizome scales lanceolate, shiny brown, with long drawn out point, up to 2 mm long. Fronds spaced 2-9 mm apart, erect, herbaceous, glabrous. Stipe dark brown, shiny, up to 5 cm long, grooved, glabrous except for some scales near the base. Lamina narrowly lanceolate-elliptic in outline, up to 20 × 3 cm, pinnate, lower pinnae reduced. Pinnae rhombic, petiolate, lower margin entire, upper margin lobed. Rhachis brown, grooved above, glabrous. Sori (sub)marginal, oblong, on pinna lobes; indusia oblong, opening outwards, covering the entire sorus up to the edge of the lobes.
Notes:	May be confused with Adiantum incisum which has proliferous fronds, minute hairs on the pinnae, an erect rhizome. Adiantum incisum does not smell of almonds.
Derivation of specific name:	odorata: odorous, fragrant; the fresh fronds have a strong almond smell when crushed.
Habitat:	Riverine forest, moss-covered boulders in or along mountain streams and rivers, in areas where it is periodically submerged during floods in summer, exposed or lightly shaded.
Altitude range:	300 - 1250 m
Worldwide distribution:	paleotropic distribution, mainly in tropical Azia, also Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Réunion, Zimbabwe.
Mozambique distribution:	MS
Growth form(s):	Terrestrial.
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Content last updated:	Tuesday 24 March 2015
Literature:	Burrows, J.E. (1990). Southern African Ferns and Fern Allies. Frandsen, Sandton. Page 182. (Includes a picture). Chapano, C. & Mamuto, M. (2003). Plants of the Chimanimani District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 37. Da Silva, M.C., Izidine, S. & Amude, A.B. (2004). A preliminary checklist of the vascular plants of Mozambique. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 30 Sabonet, Pretoria Page 10. Jacobsen, W.B.G. (1983). The Ferns and Fern Allies of Southern Africa. Butterworths, Durban and Pretoria. Pages 295 - 296. (Includes a picture). Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 7. Roux, J.P. (2001). Conspectus of Southern African Pteridophyta. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report 13 Page 95. Roux, J.P. (2009). Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighbouring islands Page 143. Schelpe, E.A.C.L.E. (1970). Pteridophyta Flora Zambesiaca Pages 139 - 141. Wursten, B., Timberlake, J. & Darbyshire, I. (2017). The Chimanimani Mountains: an updated checklist. Kirkia 19(1) Page 78.

Other sources of information about Lindsaea odorata:

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Flora of Zimbabwe: Lindsaea odorata

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Lindsaea odorata
African Plant Database: Lindsaea odorata
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Lindsaea odorata
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Lindsaea odorata
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Lindsaea odorata
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Lindsaea odorata
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Lindsaea odorata
JSTOR Plant Science: Lindsaea odorata
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Lindsaea odorata
Plants of the World Online: Lindsaea odorata
Tropicos: Lindsaea odorata
Wikipedia: Lindsaea odorata